The basic composition of greases

Lubricating grease is mainly composed of thickening agent, base oil and additive.

The content of thickening agent in general grease is about 10%-20%, the content of base oil is about 75-90%, and the content of additives and fillers is less than 5%.

1. Base oil

Base oil is the dispersing medium in the dispersing system of grease.

Generally, lubricating grease adopts medium viscosity and high viscosity oil lubricating oil as the base oil, and some synthetic crevice lubricating oil as the base oil, such as ester oil, silicone oil, poly-olefin oil, etc., to meet the needs of mechanical lubrication and sealing under harsh conditions.

2. The thickener

Thickening agent is an important component of grease. The thickening agent disperses in the base oil and forms the structure skeleton of grease, which makes the base oil adsorbed and fixed in the structure skeleton.

The water resistance and heat resistance of greases are mainly determined by thickeners. There are two main types of thickeners used to prepare greases. Soap based thickeners (metallic salts of fatty acids) and non-soap based thickeners (hydrocarbons, inorganic and organic).

There are three types of sapona-based thickeners: sapona-based thickeners (such as calcium-based lipids), mixed saponins (such as calcium-sodium lipids), and complex saponins (such as calcium-based lipids). Grease is 90% soap based thickener.

3. Additives and fillers

A class of additives is required for grease, called colloidal solvents, which make the oil soap binding more stable? Glycerin and water, etc.

Once water is lost in the calcium-base grease, its structure is completely destroyed and cannot become a fat. For example, glycerin can adjust the consistency of the fat in the natrium-base grease.

Another kind of additives and lubricants in the same, such as anti-oxygen, anti-wear and anti-rust agents, but generally more than the amount of lubricants. For example, phosphate ester, ZDDP, Elco extreme pressure antiwear agent, compound agent, drop point improver, etc.

Sometimes, graphite, molybdenum disulfide and carbon black are often added as fillers to improve the resistance of grease to loss and enhance the ability of lubrication.

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